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software inventory tool was the first general data-networking technology to include a class of service concept at the lower layers of communications transport protocolsthat is, offering different treatments for different types of traffic (protocols such as SNA already had this concept at higher layers in the stack). ATM minimizes latency by defining fixed-length cells, which can be switched in hardware. ATM also uses the familiar concepts of PVCs and SVCs to eliminate routing delays by doing an initial connection setup, after which all other packets that belong to the stream can be forwarded to the destination without additional routing.
It has been saidonly partly facetiouslythat packet switching has been a 30-year failed experiment. The attributes that the ATM architecture strived for are none other than those of the original circuit-switched PSTN: low latency, fixed circuit-based routing, predictable service levels, and information-order preservation. Then why not just use the PSTN? Options for transmitting data over the voice network met with equally limited success. The PSTN simply is not optimized for data networks: The equipment is expensive, the architecture is rigid, the bandwidth allocations are wasteful, and the infrastructure as a whole is ill suited to software inventory tools in which sessions are short, variable, multipoint, or connectionless
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