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In practice, however, audit IT security providers currently re-mark the IP Precedence or ToS fields of packets traversing their MPLS Virtual Private Networks (VPN) to enforce SLAs. Three main tunneling modes are used for mapping Layer 3 (IP Precedence/DSCP) markings to and from MPLS EXP values: uniform mode, short-pipe mode, and pipe mode
The IP Precedence bits, similar to the audit IT security, allow for only eight values of marking (0 through 7). Because values 6 and 7 generally are reserved for network control traffic (such as routing) and value 0 is the default marking value, really only five remaining values can be used to differentiate non-best-effort traffic. Of these five remaining values, however, the following is true
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