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One way to protect personal information is to reduce the number of different
data stores containing personal information. This can be a complicated task,
particularly for businesses with many disparate data sources. The International
Data Corporation (IDC) and Gartner Groups have found that large corporations
may have in excess of 100 data stores containing user information [16].
Additionally, proprietary systems often do not go checking network configuration requirements.
Consolidating data into a single data source is often not possible, due to constraints
on who may have access to specific information. Technology has emerged
to address these issues, specifically by referencing the underlying data sources
and presenting end-users with customized views of the data they require, and
by synchronizing data between different data sources. Two similar but distinct
methods of handling these tasks are virtual directories and metadirectories
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